If you only learn one thing about investing, make it this. Compound interest is the reason why starting early matters more than starting with lots of money.

🎯 The Short Version

Compound interest is when you earn interest on your interest. It's like a snowball rolling down a hill — it gets bigger and bigger, faster and faster.

Let's See It in Action

Say you invest £1,000 and it grows 7% per year (a reasonable long-term stock market return).

Year 0 £1,000 You start here
Year 1 £1,070 +£70 interest
Year 2 £1,145 +£75 interest (you earned on £1,070, not just £1,000)
Year 3 £1,225 +£80 interest
Year 10 £1,967 Almost doubled without adding a penny
Year 20 £3,869 Nearly 4x your original investment
Year 30 £7,612 Over 7x... from doing nothing

Now here's where it gets mental. Add £250 every month to that same £1,000 starting point:

Year 3 £11,045 £10,000 invested + £1,045 growth
Year 10 £44,642 £31,000 invested + £13,642 growth
Year 20 £131,543 £61,000 invested + £70,543 FREE MONEY

That's more than double what you put in. Compound interest gave you £70,543 of free growth.

The Two Secrets to Compound Interest

1

Start Early

Time is the most important ingredient. Someone who starts at 15 has a massive advantage over someone who starts at 30, even if they invest less money.

Example:
Zo invests £250/month from age 15 to 25 (10 years), then stops.
Total invested: £30,000

At age 45, that's worth £114,550 (assuming 7% growth).

Someone who starts at 25 and invests £250/month for 20 years (£60,000 total) would have... £123,456.

Zo invested HALF as much but got nearly the same result. That's the power of starting early.
2

Leave It Alone

Compound interest needs time to work its magic. Every time you withdraw money, you break the cycle. The longer you leave it, the more powerful it becomes.

The Rule of 72:
Want to know how long it takes to double your money? Divide 72 by your growth rate.

At 7% growth: 72 ÷ 7 = 10.3 years to double
At 5% growth: 72 ÷ 5 = 14.4 years to double

Why This Matters for Zo's Journey

We're aiming to turn £1,000 into £60,000 in 3 years. Is that realistic with compound interest alone?

honestly? No. That would require 500% returns, which isn't realistic. But here's what IS realistic:

  • Year 1: £1,000 start + £3,000 added (£250/month) + growth ≈ £4,300
  • Year 2: £4,300 + £3,000 added + growth ≈ £8,000
  • Year 3: £8,000 + £3,000 added + growth ≈ £12,000

That's more realistic. To hit £60,000, we'd need either higher returns (risky), more monthly contributions, or a longer timeline. The point of this blog is to show what's actually achievable — not sell you a fantasy.

The Ugly Side of Compound Interest

⚠️ It Works Both Ways

Credit cards use compound interest too — but against you. A £1,000 credit card debt at 20% APR becomes £1,440 after 2 years if you don't pay it off. That's compound interest working for the bank, not you.

Lesson: Compound interest is your friend when investing. It's your enemy when you're in debt.

Try It Yourself

Want to see compound interest in action with your own numbers? Use our Compound Interest Calculator.

Ready to Start?

See how we're using compound interest to grow Zo's university fund.

Important: This is not financial advice. Past performance doesn't guarantee future returns. All investing involves risk. The 7% figure used is a long-term stock market average — some years will be higher, some lower, some negative.